Cluster headaches are a rare but severe type of headache that occur in patterns or "clusters." The onset is sudden and the pain is very severe, often described as a burning or piercing sensation, usually centered around one eye. Here are common symptoms:
The exact cause of cluster headaches is unclear, but they're thought to be related to the hypothalamus (a part of the brain) activation. The hypothalamus plays a role in functions such as your body's clock, and this might explain why cluster headaches often occur at the same time each day.
During a cluster headache, certain pathways in the base of your brain are activated. This activation results in changes in blood vessels and nerves around the eye, leading to the severe pain characteristic of cluster headaches.
Certain triggers like alcohol, cigarettes, high altitude, bright light, exertion, heat, and certain foods or medications can also trigger a cluster headache in some people.
Cluster headaches can be challenging to treat, and the pain can be debilitating. Here are some strategies for managing and preventing the symptoms:
Remember, while cluster headaches are severe, they are also rare and not life-threatening. However, due to their intensity, they can significantly impact quality of life. If you think you're experiencing cluster headaches, it's essential to seek medical attention to confirm the diagnosis and explore treatment options.
This handout provides an overview of cluster headaches and how to manage them. Always consult with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis, treatment, and support for your condition.